Evolution : States and kingdoms

There had been geographical boundaries made by nature as had been for Caspian Steppes and for Chinese plains, but the kings and their kingdoms were sovereign independent rules everywhere including Indian region. They considered invading neighbours as their prime job and necessary show of strength. Boundaries of these countries kept changing every now and then in India as well in north Africa and Indo China. For a Bactrian, Persian or central Asian kings like those of Kushans, Huns and Sakas or Greeks invading Sogdia or Macedonian, Egypt or India were of no difference. All were just doing what kings were doing those days. These were governed not by any faith as there hardly any used to be of permanence but by greed for wealth and power. Even today politicians are doing the same, a bit differently. In 8-9th centuries Chalukyas were invading Pallavas or Gangas and even present day Andhra and destroying, to your surprise, not just cities and palaces but temples. So did Cholas after them who invaded Orisa or even Bangal. Harsha did the same. All were sovereign nations under respective kings. 

Supporters of mythological history resort to seeking proof from their so called religious literature almost all of which appeared in distributable printed form just couple of centuries back and has been collection of stories told or made up by some one mainly brahmins of the royal courts who claimed to know by heart. Most are mere imaginary tales. There has never been proof of authenticity. These stories got new modern facility of offset printing in 18th century and become widely distributable. And started getting quoted as if true. Not different from what WhatsApp is doing. However real history is out come of intense scientific research using modern tools of archaeology and study of available ancient edicts and coins which reveal very good estimate of what had been happening in past few millenniums. You have faith of optimism but science wants to explore facts on ground. Referencing merely some mythology to prove history will never stand test of reality.

States are modern concept and created for ease of governance. Don’t confuse kingdom nations with present day states. That would be dissociative fallacy to make a point. Modern nations like India are mature outcome of people’s collective mandate and is not one person’s authoritative dictate as used to be of past kings. We are a single nation now though sorry to disappoint you, never had been. Though yes a ‘region’ of similar kind faiths did exist south of Himalaya for over three millenniums. That too unified by none but Buddhism first time and for almost 1000 years continuously !!! Jainism too had good run under patronage of several kingdoms. Rest all were minor, scattered faiths which got amalgamated into monolithic modern religion we know and define as one now.

Before these ancient civilisations emerged, the ones like Indus valley, Mesopotamia, Egypt, Mayans, we were primates just evolving into full blown Homo Sapiens and learning to live in communities and under collective customs and rules and authorities. It was a slow process. World was not always as it appears today or as mythology fantasises for us of our past. We were really animals who evolved pretty slowly into intelligent fighting, killing, loving and arguing( as we do today) species.

People look for their Gods, Heroes and their magnificent stories in depths of bygone time. Universe is complex. All those splendorous , bejewelled, large people, devi, devta, angels, sages and flying objects and speaking animals and their magnificent stories, revelations of holy books if not outrightly imaginations, must have occurred at some other planet or may be in different dimension of which we are yet not aware of, nothing happened on our planet in dimensions we know about. I am sure is 3.5 Billion years of life on earth, nothing of those sort happened as per every possible scientific tool we could deploy to explore. I don’t intend to disappoint anyone. All stories , postulates could be true but may be awaiting evidence to emerge on rational plane.